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Page date 17 October 2011 |
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dangerous dangers |
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dearest truest
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"Dear" = short form, so remains on the
line |
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defect difficulty |
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defer devour
differ
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deflect diffract |
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defray devour |
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dehumanise demonise |
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desert
desert/dessert
deserted |
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Desert = sand
Desert/dessert = abandon or reward/a pudding. Use little cross
next to (or in place of*) the vowel, to denote the accented syllable
(*Not orthodox theory to replace the vowel)
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deserve disserve |
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destiny destination distinction |
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destruction distraction
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detract detriment determined
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defence/defense defiance advance |
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defend divined |
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defined definite |
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deified edified
deification edification |
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describe transcribe |
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The R is omitted in transcribe |
description
descriptions
transcriptions |
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The contraction for "description" only
covers the singular. |
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deserve disserve |
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deserve = merit
disserve = to give wrong or harmful service. An exceptional
use of Circle Ses. |
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destroyed distraught |
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deviate divide
deviation division |
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detection deduction |
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Vowel |
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dialogue duologue |
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Dialogue refers to 2 or more people,
duologue only 2 people. |
dictatee dictator
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Vowel. "Dictatee"
(not in dictionary) has two stroke Tees, "dictator" has a Tee
doubled to add the suffix "-tor".
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disappears disperse |
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disappointing
disorienting
disorientating |
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disorient = disorientate, same meaning |
disease disseize decease desire
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disseize means to dispossess wrongfully |
diseased disseized deceased desired
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distorting disturbing |
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discard discredit |
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dozen thousand |
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Stroke Ith can be used as a contraction,
or intersection, for "thousand". Stroke D with
Circle S is the abbreviation for "dollars", do not use it
for dozen. |
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dullness idleness |
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Dunbar Edinburgh |
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Edinburgh can be pronounced both -burra
and -bra |
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during through |
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earnestly erroneously
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earth world
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eastward seaward
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efface face features
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Vowel |
elaborate laboured
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elder leader |
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Vowel and care with position |
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elsewise otherwise |
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"Elsewhere" is
written similarly, but "else" on its own is written upwards. |
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email mail |
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Position is sufficient without the
vowel. |
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emailed mailed |
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Vowel |
emigrant migrant immigrant
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Repeat the stroke
for "immigrant"
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emigrate migrate immigrate
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Repeat the stroke
for "immigrate"
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enabled, unable to |
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Vowel |
end need ended
needed
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Vowel |
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endless endlessly needless
needlessly |
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endangered, in danger
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endow endue
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Vowel
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England Netherlands |
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The hard G sound is omitted in the England
outline |
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enjoyable knowledgeable*
*Contraction |
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Vowel See
also
notable DO List3
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ensign inn-sign |
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epitomist optimist pessimist |
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erroneous ruinous |
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eventually evidently
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ever however further
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evergreen overgrown |
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evict evacuate vacate |
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exaltation exultation |
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exaltation = 2nd vowel is "awl" = the state of being
elevated in rank or dignity, from Latin "altus" high
exultation = 2nd vowel
is "ull" = rejoicing, from Latin "exsultare" to leap
for joy |
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exercise exorcise
exorcism |
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"Exorcise" is written thus, to enable the formation of the
derivative "exorcism" |
exist insist necessitate
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exit gate
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expand expend extend
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Vowel
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expansion extension
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expenditure
expensive
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Both are short forms |
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explain expound |
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extension extenuation |
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extract extricate |
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Vowel |
eyes eyesight
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facility falsity falsehood |
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faithful unthankful
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fallen felon |
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family female |
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farewell furlough
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farmer framer
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See also "former" and "firmer" below |
farther further
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"Farther" refers to
distance. "Further" refers to
distance and also means "additional" |
fatal futile
fatality futility |
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favoured favourite
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fieriness furnace
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film volume
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filtered filtrate
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final official |
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fingering finger-ring |
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fireman foreman |
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firs furze |
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Furze is the older name for gorse bushes |
fixed focussed
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follower policy |
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forget forgive forgo
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Vowel
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former (previous)
former (one who forms)
firmer |
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See "farmer" and "framer" above |
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formerly formally |
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Always include the R regardless of local
pronunciation |
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forward froward |
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frail virile |
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Frances
Fran
FranciscanFrancis/France's
Frank |

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frantic phrenetic |
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freezing frozen |
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Position is sufficient but vowels may be
helpful |
friendless
friendlessness |
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Same outline for both words. Being
different parts of speech they should not clash. Suggestion:
use disjoined downward L-S-N-S for -lessness. |
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friendly frontal |
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funeral funereal |
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Gaelic Gallic |
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Gaelic = language of Celts in Ireland
& Scotland Gallic = of Gaul = France |
garnet granite
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gem diamond adamantine
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gent gents |
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Add vowel to distinguish from
gentleman/gentlemen above. See also "agent" in
DO List 1 |
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genteel gentle |
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Vowel |
gentleman gentlemen
giant
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How to remember: position of the
short forms follows the vowel in "man" and "men". See also "agent" in
DO List 1
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ghastly ghostly |
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Position is sufficient but vowels may be
helpful |
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girth growth |
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glass glazed |
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god guide
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Vowel
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god-like godly |
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goodness guidance |
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gradually greatly
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granted guaranteed
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healing health
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hardy hearty
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hardly heartily
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heavenly slovenly |
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heavy solid slight |
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heightened high-toned |
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high-toned = downward Hay because
derived from "high" |
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heron hunter |
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heterogeneous hydrogenous
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higher hire |
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Although the pronunciations are
identical, "higher" is written thus because it is a
derivative. The vowel sound that follows the diphthong in
"hire" is considered to be part of the "R" |
Highland
Holland
Holy Land |
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hill hole hollow |
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homogeneous
homogenous
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homogeneous = accent on "gen"
homogenous = accent on "moj"Both same meaning |
honestly nicely
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Vowel. See also
"noisy uneasy"
DO List3
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hostel hotel |
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hourly really |
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human humane
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Vowel. Although not
short forms, for convenience the position follows the last vowel.
See also "inhuman inhumane" on
DO List3
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hydraulic hydro-electric |
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"Electric" is a contraction |
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hypertension hypotension |
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hyper = above, excess
hypo = under, belowOpposite meanings, therefore always
put the vowel in "hypo-" outlines |